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作者:高司翰
作者(英文):Ssu-Han Kao
論文名稱:臺灣地區牡蠣與蚵螺體內重金屬的生物濃縮、生物累積及生物放大之關係
論文名稱(英文):Bioconcentration, bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals in the oyster and rock shell from Taiwan
指導教授:孟培傑
指導教授(英文):Pei-Jie Meng
口試委員:孟培傑
王志騰
張桂祥
口試委員(英文):Pei-Jie Meng
Jih-Terng Wang
Kwee-Siong Tew
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立東華大學
系所名稱:海洋生物研究所
學號:610363102
出版年(民國):106
畢業學年度:106
語文別:中文
論文頁數:42
關鍵詞:重金屬生物濃縮生物累積生物放大牡蠣蚵螺
關鍵詞(英文):Heavy metalsBioconcentrationBioaccumulationBiomagnificationOysterRock shell
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  本研究於臺灣西部沿海地區—新竹香山、雲林臺西、嘉義東石、臺南七股、臺南安平沿岸等牡蠣養殖區,分析其環境中水體、沉積物及生物體中重金屬含量,主要目的是探討臺灣西部沿海地區重金屬的汙染現況及生物濃縮、生物累積、生物放大等作用。研究結果發現香山沿岸地區水體中鎘、銅濃度顯著高於其他地區;其次,在臺西與東石地區的沉積物中銅、鋅濃度顯著高於其他地區;安平海域牡蠣中鉛含量顯著高於其他海域。在生物濃縮作用、生物累積作用、生物放大作用之研究結果顯示,在七股相較於其他海域對於銅有較高的生物濃縮係數 (Bioconcentration factor, BCF),而臺西對於鉻相較於其他地區則有較高之濃縮作用;在蚵螺對銅的生物累積作用評估方面,香山海域相較於其他海域則有較高的生物累積係數,在生物放大方面,本研究以蚵螺及牡蠣為例,研究結果發現鉻在蚵螺與牡蠣間,有顯著的生物放大現象。
The study was conducted in January of 2017 at five stations (Yunlin Taisi, Hsinchu Xiangshan, Chiayi Dongshi, Tainan Cigu, and Tainan Anping) on the western coast of Taiwan. We analyzed the heavy metal concentrations in the water, sediment, and mollusks. The main purposes were to assess the heavy metal pollution status, bioconcentration, bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the areas. Results showed that cadmium and copper concentration in the water in Xiangshan area was significantly higher than other coastal areas. Copper and zinc concentration in the sediments in Taisi and Dongshi were significantly higher than other regions. Oyster from Anping accumulated higher Pb than other areas. Bioconcentration factor was more profound in Cigu area. Rock shell in Xiangshan area had higher Bioaccumulation Factor value.
目錄
謝 辭 I
摘 要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1研究緣起 1
1.1.1 工業革命後的環境影響 1
1.1.2重金屬的種類、汙染來源與特性 2
1.1.2.1鎘 (Cd) 2
1.1.2.2鉻 (Cr) 3
1.1.2.3銅 (Cu) 3
1.1.2.4鎳 (Ni) 3
1.1.2.5鉛 (Pb) 3
1.1.2.6鋅 (Zn) 4
1.1.3 重金屬汙染在食物鏈中的效應 4
1.1.3.1生物濃縮作用 (Bioconcentration) 5
1.1.3.2生物累積作用 (Bioaccumulation) 5
1.1.3.3生物放大作用 (Biomagnification) 6
1.2研究目的 6
第二章 實驗材料與方法 9
2.1 實驗藥品、設備與儀器 9
2.1.1實驗儀器 9
2.1.2實驗藥品 10
2.1.3重金屬實驗設備 10
2.2 樣本採集與儲存 11
2.2.1 樣本採集地點與時間 11
2.2.2 樣本採樣方法與前處理 11
2.2.2.1 採樣方法 11
2.2.2.2水體、沉積物及生物體樣本分析重金屬之前處理 12
2.3 品質保證 (Quality assurance)與品質控管(Quality control) 13
2.3.1檢量線製備及檢量線查核 13
2.3.2空白樣品分析 14
2.3.3重複樣品分析 15
2.3.4查核樣品分析 15
2.3.5添加樣品分析 15
2.3.6方法偵測極限 15
2.4 分析方法生物濃縮、生物累積及生物放大係數 16
2.4.1 生物濃縮係數 (Bioconcentration factor) 16
2.4.2 生物累積係數 (Bioaccumulation factor) 16
2.4.3. 生物放大係數 (Biomagnification factor) 17
2.5 統計分析 17
第三章 結果與討論 19
3.1重金屬在臺灣西部地區環境與生物體中的流布 19
3.1.1重金屬在水體中的流布 19
3.1.1.1 新竹香山 (Xiangshan) 19
3.1.1.2 雲林臺西 (Taisi) 19
3.1.1.3 嘉義東石 (Dongshi) 19
3.1.1.4 臺南七股 (Cigu) 19
3.1.1.5 臺南安平 (Anping) 20
3.1.2重金屬在沉積物中的流布 20
3.1.2.1 新竹香山 20
3.1.2.2 雲林臺西 21
3.1.2.3 臺南七股 21
3.1.2.4 臺南安平 21
3.1.3 重金屬在生物中的流布 22
3.1.3.1 新竹香山 22
3.1.3.2 雲林臺西 22
3.1.3.3 嘉義東石 23
3.1.3.4 臺南七股 23
3.1.3.5 臺南安平 23
3.2重金屬在台灣西部地區中生物體之生物濃縮、生物累積及生物放大作用 25
3.2.1 生物濃縮 (Bioconcentration) 25
3.2.1.1 新竹香山 25
3.2.1.2 雲林臺西 25
3.2.1.3 臺南七股 25
3.2.1.4 臺南安平 25
3.2.2 生物累積 (Bioaccumulation) 26
3.2.3 生物放大 (Biomagnification) 27
第四章 結 論 29
參考文獻 31

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