硫化物在化石燃料中是一個重要的環境議題，硫化物燃燒後會排放硫氧化物到空氣中，造成環境上和健康上的問題，煉油廠使用脫硫的方法是加氫脫硫。近年來，有新的方法來去除燃料中的耐火硫化物，像是微生物脫硫、吸附萃取脫硫、氧化脫硫等，其中以離子液體當作催化劑或萃取劑來進行氧化脫硫。在本篇論文中，利用高壓紅外光譜研究兩種離子液體，N,N-dimethyl(hydroxyethyl)ammonium propionate (DMEOAP) 和N,N-dimethyl(cyanoethyl)ammonium propionate (DMCEAP)，結構的變化和thiophene之間的作用力。常壓下的光譜可以看到，DMCEAP和DMEOAP在1578 cm-1和1720 cm-1有吸收峰，分別為COO-和C=O官能基，由吸收強度大小說明兩種離子液體在溶液中主要為分子態和離子態，隨著壓力增加，兩種離子液體的C=O 峰減少且大部分轉變為COO-，說明壓力能夠改變離子液體結構。另一方面，在2900cm-1附近的C-H吸收峰觀察到純離子液體和加入噻吩後的頻率有很大的差異，當壓力增加時，C-H會發生藍位移現象，在低濃度時，噻吩會把陰陽離子切開，當壓力增加，噻吩和陽離子的作用會更穩定；在高濃度時，噻吩會把離子液體包圍住，當壓力增加時，噻吩會傾向於自己堆疊成晶體，而離子液體因壓力擠壓作用力增強，形成團簇離子。

Sulfide is an important environmental issue in fossil fuels. Sulfur oxides emit sulfur oxides into the air, causing environmental and health problems. The refinery uses desulfurization by hydrodesulfurization. In recent years, there have been new methods for removing refractory sulfides in fuels, such as microbial desulfurization, adsorption extraction desulfurization, oxidative desulfurization, etc., in which ionic liquids are used as catalysts or extractants for oxidative desulfurization. In this paper, high-pressure infrared spectroscopy is used to study two ionic liquids, N, N-dimethyl(hydroxyethyl)ammonium propionate (DMEOAP) and N,N-dimethyl(cyanoethyl)ammonium propionate (DMCEAP), structural changes and thiophene The force between them. It can be seen from the spectrum under normal pressure that DMCEAP and DMEOAP have absorption peaks at 1578 cm-1 and 1720 cm-1, respectively, which are COO- and C=O functional groups, and the magnitude of the absorption intensity indicates that the two ionic liquids are mainly in solution. For the molecular state and the ionic state, as the pressure increases, the C=O peaks of the two ionic liquids decrease and most of them become COO-, indicating that the pressure can change the ionic liquid structure. On the other hand, the CH absorption peak near 2900 cm-1 observes a large difference between the pure ionic liquid and the frequency after the addition of thiophene. When the pressure increases, CH undergoes a blue shift phenomenon. At low concentrations, the thiophene will The anion and cation are cleaved. When the pressure is increased, the action of thiophene and cation will be more stable. At high concentration, thiophene will surround the ionic liquid. When the pressure increases, thiophene will tend to stack itself into crystals, and the ionic liquid will be squeezed by pressure. The pressure is increased to form cluster ions.

序論.......................1
一、前言......................1
二、現代燃料脫硫的技術.........................................3
2.1加氫脫硫Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) ...........................3
2.2 生物脫硫Biodesulfurization (BDS) ..................4
2.3 吸附 Adsorption ...........................7
2.4 萃取 Extraction .......................................7
2.5 氧化脫硫 Oxidative desulfurization (ODS) ..................8
三、離子液體 ....................................11
3.1離子液體的結構.......................11
3.2離子液體的結構在化學性質上的影響...........................12
3.3 離子液體的應用................................................13
3.4使用離子液體進行氧化脫硫...................................14
四、研究動機...................................................16
貳、 實驗........................19
一、實驗藥品...........................................19
二、合成方法.....................21
2.1離子液體的合成..........................................21
三、實驗儀器.....................21
3.1紅外光譜儀......................................................21
3.2精密鑽孔機及高速鋼鑽頭...................................22
3.3氟化鈣 (CaF2) .........................................22
3.4 Diamond anvil cell (DAC) ..............................22
3.5鎳鉻合金墊片......................................23
3.6實體顯微鏡...................................23
四、實驗步驟..................................23
4.1常壓實驗...............................................23
4.1.1配置離子液體與噻吩的混合溶液............................23
4.1.2常壓紅外光譜測量............................23
4.2高壓實驗.......................................24
4.2.1製作墊片.............................24
4.2.2高壓紅外光譜儀測量...................................24
4.3壓力的校正............................................25
4.4數據分析...................................27
參、 結果與討論..............................................27
肆、 結論.............................................49
伍、 參考文獻..........................................51

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