由於海洋不斷受到人為污染和氣候變化的威脅，珊瑚養殖已成為保育珊瑚下防止這些威脅接觸的首選復育方法。然而，擔心是否在人造環境中野外珊瑚的有性繁殖能力會受到影響，本研究的目的是使用穿射式電子顯微鏡（TEM）進行觀察和比較野生型與養殖型珊瑚之Oxypora lacera和Echinopora gemmacea卵母細胞及其各自的體內胞器的超微結構。由TEM實驗分析顯示，O. lacera和E. gemmacea野生型的卵母細胞（389.32 ± 21.32 μM和268.91 ± 10.02 μM）較養殖型的卵母細胞（302 ± 13.75 μM和207.25 ± 16.72 μM）大，但野生型O. lacera和E. gemmacea卵母細胞的微絨毛（2.21 ± 0.21 μM和1.18 ± 0.22 μM）較養殖型的卵母細胞（3.02 ± 0.68 μM和1.93 ± 0.14 μM）短。在O. lacera之野生型卵母細胞中的卵黃體和脂質體（31.87 ± 6.92 μM和16.64 ± 3.81 μM）小於養殖型（33.99 ± 3.10 μM和23.05 ± 3.02 μM）卵母細胞而E. gemmacea之野生型卵母細胞中的卵黃體與脂質體（25.81 ± 6.45 μM和20.18 ± 2.42 μM）大於養殖型（25.13 ± 3.14 μM和23.62 ± 3.31 μM）卵母細胞。此外，與養殖型的卵母細胞相比，野生型的卵母細胞的卵黃物質密度（O. lacera - 55.4％; E. gemmacea - 50.1％）也較低（O. lacera - 81.2％; E. gemmacea - 74.5％），卵黃物質中決定脂質體和卵黃體的形成中起著重要作用。在共生藻密度、蛋白質、葉綠素a與c含量比較，兩種卵母細胞養殖型都較野生型來的多。環境因子的影響如光照、餵食與否甚至水質條件是造成本實驗結果的主要因素。本研究在對於從事珊瑚繁養殖或利用養殖型珊瑚的相關研究時，可以提供野生型與養殖型珊瑚顯微結構差異，作為日後研究進行時的相關參數，本研究將也有助於未來保護珊瑚育種之重要工作。

As the oceans were continuously threatened by anthropogenic pollutions and climate change, coral breeding has become the preferred conservation method to prevent exposure to suboptimal environment conditions which could be detrimental to their rehabilitation. However, it is also a concern that sexual reproduction capability of the ex-situ coral would be affected in the artificial environment. The aim of the study was to observe and compare the ultrastructure of the wild Oxypora lacera and E. gemmacea oocytes and their respective in-vivo cultured counterpart using transmission electron microscope (TEM). TEM analyses of O. lacera showed oocytes collected from the wild were larger (389.32 ± 21.32 µM) than the cultured oocytes (302 ± 13.75) but the microvilli of the wild O. lacera oocytes were shorter (2.21 ± 0.21 µM) than those found on cultured oocytes (3.02 ± 0.68 µM). Similar differences were also found observed in the E. gemmacea whereby oocyte from the wild were larger (268.91 ± 10.02 µM) than the cultured (207.25 ± 16.72 µM) but the microvilli in the wild is shorter (1.18 ± 0.22 µM) than the cultured oocytes (1.93 ± 0.14 µM). Internally, yolk body and lipid granules in the wild oocytes of O. lacera (31.87 ± 6.92 and 16.64 ± 3.81 µM respectively) and E. gemmacea (1.16 ± 0.31 and 7.21 ± 0.89 µM respectively) were smaller than the yolk body and lipid granules of cultured oocytes O. lacera (33.99 ± 3.10 µM and 23.05 ± 3.02 µM respectively) and E. gemmacea (1.28 ± 0.61 and 8.88 ± 0.51 µM respectively). In addition, yolk materials abundance in the both species oocyte were also lower in the wild (O. lacera - 55.4 %; E. gemmacea - 50.1%) compared to the cultured oocytes (O. lacera - 81.2 %; E. gemmacea - 74.5%). Although it is evident that culture environment is the main factor for these differences, the actual reason for these changes were still unknown. However, it was suggested that nutrient availability played a significant role in determining formation of lipid body and yolk granules. The present ultrastructure study would facilitate future works on coral breeding for conservation purpose.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 超微結構分析與應用 3
1.2 卵母細胞胞器生合成之關聯 5
1.3 生殖細胞顯微技術 6
1.3.1 魚類生殖細胞 6
1.3.2 無脊椎動物生殖細胞 7
1.4 研究目的 8
第二章 材料與方法 9
2.1 珊瑚卵母細胞採集 9
2.2 物種鑑定 10
2.3 TEM卵母細胞前處理 11
2.4穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM) 11
2.5 共生藻密度 12
2.6共生藻中蛋白質與葉綠素含量 12
2.7 水質評估 13
2.8 統計分析 13
第三章 超微結構及生理比較解析 15
3.1前言 15
3.2結果 18
3.2.1 O. lacera卵母細胞的形態特徵 18
3.2.2 E. gemmacea卵母細胞的形態特徵 19
3.2.3野生與養殖型珊瑚卵母細胞比較型態 19
3.2.4珊瑚中共生藻密度及蛋白質含量 21
3.2.5水質檢測 21
3.3討論 22
3.4結論 28
參考文獻 37
附錄一 51
附錄二 52

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