隨著新興技術的快速發展和太陽能與風力的配置成本降低，未來可再生能源可以替代傳統發電。儘管與目前配置的集中式能源不同，可再生能源被歸類為一種間歇性能源，可再生能源規模小而分散。在最近的文獻中，提出了虛擬電廠的架構，以取代現有的智能電網。

然而，能源共享概念和間歇能源的不確定性，將導致虛擬電廠的短期能源管理比當前傳統發電系統的集中控制能源管理複雜得多。因此，我們在這項研究中提出了一個用於虛擬電廠的分層日前電力調度系統，以解決複雜的短期能源管理問題。

我們首先從家庭中使用的智慧型電器收集電力消耗數據，並預測生產性消費者的可再生能源的發電能力。然後，考慮通過使用分散式可再生能源的效率，採用所提出的分層電力調度系統來為客戶安排電力使用。在所提出的電力調度機制中也考慮了移動電動車輛的充電管理。

此外，本研究還提出了一種重新分配機制，將社區虛擬電廠產生的多餘電力分配給面臨電力供應短缺的其他人，以及可再生能源的最大使用量和減少社區虛擬電廠在此期間的負擔，可以相應地實現峰值負荷。

實驗結果表明，所提出的日前電力調度系統可以有效減輕對傳統發電的依賴，平衡電力市場的尖峰和非尖峰時段負荷。

With the rapid development of the emerging technologies and significant cost reduction of the deployment for solar energy and wind power, the replacement of traditional power generation by renewable energy becomes feasible in the future.

However, different from currently deployed centralized power sources, renewables are categorized as one kind of intermittent energy sources, and the scale of renewables is small and scattered. In the recent literature, the architecture of virtual power plant was proposed to replace the current smart grid in the future.

However, the energy sharing concept and the uncertainties of intermittent energy sources will cause the short-term energy management for the virtual power plant much more complicated than the current centralized control energy management for traditional power generation system.We thus propose a hierarchical day-ahead power scheduling system for virtual power plant in this work to tackle the complex short-term energy management problems.

We first collect electricity consumption data from smart appliances used in households and predict power-generating capacity of renewable energy sources at the prosumer level.Then, the proposed hierarchical power scheduling system is employed to schedule the usage of electricity for the customers by considering the efficiency of the use of distributed renewables.Notably, charging management of a moving electric vehicle is also considered in the proposed power scheduling mechanism.

In addition, a reallocation mechanism is presented in this work to allocate excess electricity generated in a community virtual power plant to others facing with power supply shortage, and the maximal usage of renewables and reduction of the burden on community virtual power plants during time period of peak load can be achieved accordingly.

The experimental results show that the proposed day-ahead power scheduling system can mitigate the dependency on traditional power generation effectively, and balance peak and off-peak period load of electricity market.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究方法 2
第三節 論文架構 3
第二章 相關研究與文獻探討 5
第一節 虛擬電廠與電力調度 5
第二節 電動汽車與充電 6
第三節 電力與負載監控 7
第三章 虛擬電廠日前電力調度系統結構 9
i. 主電網日前電力調度主程式 12
ii. CVPP的第一階段日前電力調度 13
iii. CVPP的第二階段日前電力調度 14
iv. CVPP的第三階段日前電力調度 15
v. 生產性消費者的第一階段日前電力調度 15
vi. 生產性消費者的第二階段日前電力調度 18
vii. 生產性消費者的第三階段日前電力調度 19
viii. 移動中電動車的充電計劃 19
ix. 主電網上的即時電力追蹤 20
x. CVPP即時電力追蹤 21
xi. 生產性消費者的即時電力追蹤 21
第四章 實驗結果分析 23
第五章 結論 29

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