本研究運用簡單且低成本的水熱法，透過降低成長溫度，將溫度從90 ℃降低為65 ℃後，成功的成長出富含缺陷的氧化鋅，而此富含缺陷的氧化鋅能增加氧化鋅對於可見光的吸收，將其應用於光電流的量測上，在1 V的電壓下可以產生出的光電流為0.76 mA/cm2，接著將其氧化鋅應用於其他異質結構的合成上

透過簡單的化學合成法，將鉍離子還原成鉍金屬顆粒於氧化鋅表面，顆粒大小為5 ~ 10 nm，因為鉍奈米金屬顆粒具有的表面電漿共振特性可以吸收可見光，所以將其應用於光電化學產氫與表面增強拉曼散射的量測上。在光電流的表現方面，在0.3 V的電壓下可以產生出的光電流為0.66 mA/cm2。在表面增強拉曼散射的表現方面，以脯酸胺作為標把物質，其增益因子表現為7.5×105。

運用簡單的化學合成法，將緩衝層氧化銦與吸光層氧化銅成長在氧化鋅表面。透過氧化銅幫助吸收可見光以及氧化銦幫助載子在能階上的移動，讓氧化鋅的異質結構能在光電化學產氫有更好的表現。光電流在1 V的電壓下可以產生出的光電流為1.23 mA/cm2，在實際的產氫效率上則是效率為每小時3 μmol。

實驗證實了氧化鋅可透過成長不同性質的異質結構，能提升在光電化學領域的表現，為一種不錯的光電化學電極材料。

Synthesis of zinc oxide heterostructure by the low cost process was proposed in this investigation for photoelectochemical applications. Synthesis of defects-rich zinc oxide was achieved by hydrothermal method of low temperature at 65℃. The photocurrent of defects-rich zinc oxide shows 0.76 mA/cm2 at the potential of 1 V.

The bismuth ions were reduced to bismuth metal particles on the surface of zinc oxide with a particle size of 5 ~ 10 nm for photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The photocurrent has 0.66 mA/cm2 at the potential of 0.3V. In terms of surface-enhanced Raman scattering, the enhancement factor was 7.5×105 for proline as target material.

Synthesis of ZnO/In2O3/CuO core-shell nanowires by the low cost process was proposed in this investigation for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation. The photocurrent has 70% enhancement of the photocurrent in comparison to the pristine ZnO and the CuO/In2O3/ZnO core-shell photoelectrode produces 3 µmol of hydrogen per hour.

This work demonstrated that zinc oxide heterostructure is an effective electrochemical electrode meterial structure in photoelectrochemical.

第一章 緒論 1
1-1能源概述 1
1-2太陽能 3
1-3氫能 6
第二章 文獻回顧 9
2-1材料介紹 9
2-2電化學 15
2-3表面增強拉曼散射 18
2-4太陽能光電化學轉換 20
2-5研究動機 25
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 27
3-1以不同成長溫度水熱法成長的氧化鋅製備流程 27
3-2氧化鋅/鉍金屬奈米顆粒結構製備流程 29
3-3氧化鋅/氧化銦/氧化銅核殼結構製備流程 30
3-4材料分析儀器介紹 32
3-5電化學分析儀器介紹 40
第四章 實驗結果與討論 47
4-1探討以不同成長溫度水熱法成長的氧化鋅之光電化學特性分析 47
4-2製備氧化鋅/鉍奈米金屬顆粒異質結構於光電化學產氫之應用 67
4-3製備氧化鋅/氧化銦/氧化銅核殼奈米柱於光電化學產氫之應用 91
第五章 結論與未來展望 105
第六章 參考資料 107

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