2013年3月7日，在花蓮、宜蘭、台中三縣市交界處發生一起芮氏規模5.87地震事件，中央氣象局在2013年地震年報中將其命名為南山地震。觀看中央氣象局地震目錄，可知自2011年11月開始南山地震群已有活動跡象，並持續至2015年11月後才未有較大規模(ML4以上)事件發生。長時間的地震活動與不同位置的地震群集表明此區域的地震事件並非由單一主震與其餘震序列的行為模式所構成。
南山地震主震發生時間恰逢板塊邊界聯合觀測網開始運作，此觀測網在中央山脈北段地區建有密集地測站。本研究利用板塊邊界聯合觀測網、中央氣象局地震觀測網與台灣寬頻地震網共23座近場測站波形資料，針對氣象局所公布的震目錄裡，南山事件在2013年至2015年間所發生4起芮氏規模大於4.5地震序列中，芮氏規模大於等於2以上事件進行到時重新挑選、新地震目錄建立、地震重定位與震源機制解解算。
資料結果顯示，地震事件大多位於台灣北部張裂帶的邊界範圍，且此區域存在數個各自獨立的破裂面，地震深度位於4至9公里之間，走向為北北西-南南東方向，傾角約為50˚至60˚向西偏南方向傾斜。249筆震源機制解多為正斷層，顯示此區域所受到的主要應力為東北-西南方向伸張應力，且應力方向南方縱谷地區西北-東南向的壓縮應力與北方宜蘭平原西北-東南向的伸張應力有所不同。
依據前人GPS研究，中央山脈北段地區存在有順時鐘方向的彎折現象；配合前人沙盒實驗模型結果，本研究認為區域應力來源為山脈彎折時彎折邊緣的地層拉張所產生之伸張應力。同時，藉由地震時序分析、震源剖面與同歷史事件的比較，本研究認為南山事件是由數個不同破裂面所引發之地震群集，且長時間的地震活動為各個破裂面活動時間的不同所造成。

On March 7, 2013, an earthquake (ML5.87) occurred in junction of Hualien, Yilan and Taichung, is called the Nanshan Earthquake by CWB. Since November 2011, there have been earthquake signs of activity in the area, and until after November 2015. The long-term seismic activity and clusters of earthquakes at different locations indicate that the seismic events in this area are not composed of a single main shock and the numerous aftershocks.
The time of Nanshan earthquake coincided with the start of the Plate Boundary Joint Observation Seismic Network. There has a dense seismic observation network of north Central Mountains range. In this study, the waveform data onto 23 stations from the PBSN, Central Weather Bureau Seismic Network, and Broadband Array in Taiwan for Seismology, were used to analyze the seismic catalogue by CWB from four earthquake sequences which ML ≧ 4.5, and ML ≧ 2 earthquake, to do picking new arrival, location, relocation and focal mechanism solutions.
The data results show that there are several independent rupture planes in this area. The seismic depth is between 4 and 9 km, extended along the NNW-SSE direction, and on a 50˚ to 60˚ WWS-dipping plane. The most of focal mechanism is normal fault. The stress from the focal mechanism is NE-SW extensional, different NW-SE extensional in Yilan Plain or NW-SE compressive in Longitudinal Valley.
By References from GPS studies, we know there has a clockwise rotation rate of northern Central Mountain Range. So we think the source of regional stress is the extensional stress generated by the stratum stretching at the bending edge when the mountain is bent. By to study, we think there have some different fault plane in this region, the long-term seismic activity because of time of earthquake at fault planes are different.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 南山地震群簡介 4

第二章 研究區域概況 7
2.1 區域地質概況 7
2.2 區域周邊地體構造 10
2.3 造山帶內正斷層來源之研究 11
2.4 區域歷史事件 14

第三章 研究方法 17
3.1 地震網介紹與資料選取 17
3.2 軟體介紹與初步定位 21
3.3 研究區域一維速度模型逆推 27
3.4 地震新定位 29
3.5 震源機制解 29
3.5.1震源機制解的求取 32

第四章 研究結果 35
4.1 到時挑選、初步定位與重定位結果 35
4.1.1 到時挑選結果 36
4.1.2 初步定位結果與一維速度模型反演 41
4.1.3 聯合震源定位法重定位結果與結果比較 44
4.1.4 本研究與氣象局之結果比較 46
4.2 震源機制解結果 48

第五章 討論 53
5.1 地震時序分析 53
5.2 區域走時殘差分析 58
5.3震源剖面與區域應力來源 61
5.4 長時間的地震活動原因與大規模事件發生之可能性 65

第六章 結論 67

參考文獻 69

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