塑膠製品被廣泛運用於人類生活當中，造成每年有大量塑膠垃圾流入海洋，經過陽光照射、水流等外力衝擊後，會碎裂為粒徑5 mm以下之塑膠微粒，長時間存在於海洋與沿岸環境。其疏水性的表面會與親脂性的多環芳香烴吸附、結合，影響多環芳香烴在食物鏈中的傳遞。本研究將4種常見的塑膠：PP、PE、PS、PET，及2種可自然分解的塑膠：PLA、PBAT，粒徑0.1~0.3 mm之顆粒，分別置於屏東海生館之人工溼地較低濃度多環芳香烴之水體中以及實驗室配置較高濃度多環芳香烴之水體中進行暴露實驗，於一天、一周、一個月、兩個月及三個月時以GC-MS分析塑膠微粒及周圍水體內所含的多環芳香烴濃度。分析結果發現，在暴露實驗前塑膠微粒本身即含有相當濃度的多環芳香烴。置於低濃度環境的塑膠微粒之多環芳香烴濃度則與暴露實驗開始前無明顯差異，而暴露於高濃度環境中的塑膠微粒，於第一個採樣時間點多環芳香烴濃度明顯高於暴露實驗前塑膠微粒所含有之多環芳香烴濃度，且隨暴露時間而增加，至一個月後增加趨勢呈現減緩，顯示接近吸附平衡。PCA結果顯示，於低濃度環境時，多環芳香烴於PP、PS上於各採樣時間的組成無明顯差異，PE、PLA、PBAT、PET中僅在logKow >5的多環芳香烴比例則會隨時間增加;於高濃度環境暴露實驗，吸附於PP、PE、PS及PBTA塑膠微粒中多環芳香烴與水中多環芳香烴的分布比例十分相近，可能受環境之濃度影響較大，PLA及PET則維持與暴露前之分布情形，其分配特性則可能與塑膠本身的性質較為相關。

Plastic products are widely used in human life, causing a large amount of plastic waste to flow into the ocean every year. After being exposed to sunlight, water or other external forces, it will break into microplastics with a particle size of less than 5 mm, which will exist in the ocean and coastal environment for a long time. Its hydrophobic surface will combine with lipophilic PAHs, affecting the transmission of PAHs in the food chain. In this study, 4 kinds of common plastics: PP, PE, PS, PET, and 2 kinds of naturally decomposable plastics: PLA, PBAT, with a particle size of 0.1 ~ 0.3 mm were placed in the artificial wetland of NMMBA. Exposure experiments were conducted in water with lower PAHs concentrations and in water with higher PAH concentrations in the laboratory, and GC-MS was used to analyze the concentration of PAHs in microplastics and water. The results show that the microplastics contained a certain concentration of PAHs before the exposure experiment. Microplastics placed in a high concentration environment, the concentration of PAHs after one day of exposure is higher than the concentration of PAHs contained before exposure experiment, and there is no obvious difference in low concentration environment. Regardless of the high and low concentration environment, PAHs tend to adsorb to microplastics. In high concentration environment, PP, PE, PS, PBAT regardless of logKow, logKmp increase trends are similar, and the change of logKmp of PLA and PET is similar to that of low concentration environment. PCA results show that in low concentration environments, the difference in the composition of PAHs on PP and PS are small, and the proportion of PAHs with logKow higher than 5 in PE, PS, and PBAT will increase with time. When placed in high concentration environment, the distribution ratio of PAHs in PP, PE, PS, PBAT will be close to the distribution ratio of PAHs in water. PLA and PET are still the same as the low concentration environment, the distribution characteristics may be more related to their chemical properties.

第壹章、前言 1
第貳章、文獻回顧 3
2-1持久性有機汙染物 3
2-2多環芳香烴 3
2-3塑膠微粒 6
2-4塑膠微粒與持久性有機汙染物 7
2-5辛醇-水分配係數 8
第參章、材料方法 9
3-1樣品暴露實驗 9
3-1-1野外低濃度環境 9
3-1-2 實驗室高濃度環境 9
3-2 樣品處理 10
3-2-1塑膠微粒樣品處理 10
3-2-2水樣處理 10
3-2-2-1低濃度水樣 10
3-2-2-2高濃度水樣 10
3-3儀器分析 14
3-4定量分析 14
3-5化合物 15
3-6品保與品管 15
3-6-1方法回收率 15
3-6-2實驗空白分析 15
3-6-3方法偵測極限 15
3-6-4標準查核樣品分析 15
3-7試藥與器材前處理 16
3-7-1試藥、溶劑與塑膠微粒來源 16
3-7-2 實驗前處理 17
3-8資料分析 18
第肆章、結果與討論 19
4-1 水體中之多環芳香烴濃度與時間變化 19
4-1-1 低濃度環境 19
4-1-2 高濃度環境 20
4-1-3 與其他文獻中水體的多環芳香烴濃度比較 21
4-2 塑膠微粒中之多環芳香烴濃度與時間變化 22
4-2-1 暴露實驗前之塑膠微粒 22
4-2-2 低濃度環境 24
4-2-3 高濃度環境 25
4-3 多環芳香烴累積與辛醇-水分布係數(Kow)之關係 26
4-3-1低濃度環境 26
4-3-2高濃度環境 28
4-4 多環芳香烴累積於塑膠微粒上之分配模式 30
4-4-1低濃度環境 30
4-4-2高濃度環境 32
4-5 多環芳香烴與塑膠微粒之分配動力學 34
4-5-1 k值與吸附速率 34
4-5-2 平均吸附速率 36
4-5-3 塑膠種類與吸附速率 37
第伍章、結論 39
參考文獻 41
附錄 47

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