在本研究中，我們使用球磨法將粒徑200 nm的TiO2奈米粒子、矽樹脂、丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯進行混合，並在玻璃基板上形成複合材料散射膜，探討TiO2濃度和膜厚對於複合材料散射膜表面形貌、粗糙度、穿透度、霧度的影響。此外，我們將複合材料散射膜應用於有機發光二極體，探討複合材料散射膜中TiO2濃度和膜厚對於有機發光二極體效率和光學性質的影響。
實驗結果顯示，當TiO2濃度上升時，複合材料散射膜的厚度隨之增加，奈米粒子團聚之尺寸和數量也隨之增加，導致複合材料散射膜表面粗糙度的上升。當複合材料散射膜厚度超過一微米時，雖然可以有效地穩定有機發光二極體於不同視角間的CIE色座標，但卻會造成有機發光二極體效率的下降；而當複合材料散射膜厚度小於一微米時，隨著TiO2濃度或膜厚的增加，有機發光二極體的效率會先增加而後下降，而元件在不同視角間的最大色座標差異量(CIE-x和CIE-y)則會隨之下降，顯示奈米粒子的散射作用可以有效地壓抑有機發光二極體的CIE-x和CIE-y。

In this thesis, 200 nm TiO2 nanopowders, silicone resin, and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA) were mixing by using ball milling process. The mixing solution was spin coated on glass substrates to form composite scattering films. The influences of titania concentration and film thickness on surface morphology, roughness, transmittance, and haze of the composite scattering films were studied. In addition, the composite scattering films were attached on a white-light organic light-emitting diode (OLED). The influences of titania concentration and film thickness on efficiency and optical properties of the OLED were also investigated.
Experimental results showed that the thickness and surface roughness of composite scattering film increases with increasing the titania concentration. The increase of surface roughness of composite scattering film is due to the raise of the size and amount of titania aggregate. Composite scattering films can stabilize CIE coordinates of the OLED at different viewing angles, but decrease its efficiency when the thickness of composite scattering film is greater 1 m. The efficiency of the OLED increases initially to a maxima, and decreases with further increasing either the titania concentration or the thickness of attached composite scattering film if its thickness is less than 1 m. The maximum variation of CIE coordinates (CIE-x、CIE-y) at the range of viewing angle between 0 and 60 decrease with increasing the TiO2 concentration of composite scattering film. This indicates that the scattering of TiO2 nanopowders can effectively depress CIE-x and CIE-y of the OLED.

致謝 I
摘要 III
Abstract V
目錄 VII
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XXI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
第二章 理論基礎與文獻回顧 3
2.1 理論基礎 3
2.1.1 Snell’s law 3
2.1.2 OLED原理與波導現象 3
2.1.3 奈米粒子散射膜 4
2.1.4 效率增益 5
2.1.5 穿透率與霧度 6
2.1.6 粗糙度 7
2.1.7 CIE色座標 8
2.1.8 機械均質 9
2.1.9 球磨法 10
2.2 文獻回顧 11
第三章 實驗步驟與量測方法 19
3.1 TiO2混合溶液的配置 19
3.1.1 機械均質製程 19
3.1.2 臥式球磨製程 20
3.1.3 矽樹脂的濃度調整 20
3.1.4 矽樹脂與TiO2濃度的調整 21
3.2 基板預處理與散射膜塗佈 23
3.2.1 基板的預處理 23
3.2.2 散射膜塗佈 24
3.3 性質分析與設備儀器 24
3.3.1 性質分析 24
3.3.1.1 輝度計 24
3.3.1.2 紫外光/可見光光譜儀 25
3.3.1.3 掃描式電子顯微鏡 26
3.3.1.4 三維表面輪廓儀 27
3.3.2 設備儀器 27
3.3.2.1 加熱板 28
3.3.2.2 旋轉塗佈機 29
3.3.2.3 機械均質機 29
3.3.2.4 磁石攪拌機 30
3.3.2.5 臥式球磨機 30
3.4 實驗藥品與耗材 30
第四章 實驗結果與討論 33
4.1 TiO2奈米粉末 33
4.2 機械均質與球磨製程的比較 34
4.3 以球磨製程製作複合材質散射膜 36
4.3.1 TiO2濃度的影響 36
4.3.2 鋯珠尺寸的影響 42
4.4 以稀釋的散射膜母溶液製作複合材質散射膜 49
4.4.1 PGMEA濃度的影響 50
4.4.2 TiO2濃度的影響 55
4.4.3 第三段球磨的影響 60
4.5 貼附複合材質散射膜的OLED 64
4.5.1 以球磨製程製作的複合材質散射膜 65
4.5.2 以稀釋散射膜母溶液製作的複合材質散射膜 68
第五章 結論 75
第六章 未來工作 79
第七章 參考文獻 81
第八章 三維列印半水硫酸鈣粉末之製備 83
8.1 前言 85
8.2 研究動機 86
8.3 實驗原理與文獻回顧 87
8.3.1 3D列印 87
8.3.2 粉末噴射黏著劑技術(binding jetting 3D print, BJ) 88
8.3.3 半水硫酸鈣 89
8.3.4 文獻回顧 90
8.4 實驗步驟與方法 91
8.5 實驗結果與討論 94
8.6 結論 103
8.7 參考文獻 105

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