本研究使用網版印刷法製作工作電極與散射層。工作電極使用P25-TiO2，散射層使用P200-TiO2與P25以重量比例為3：7混合。首先以單用P25-TiO2作為工作電極，得到最佳層數之工作電極參數後，再加上散射層及經過四氯化鈦後處理，其光電轉換效率由4.49 %提升至5.32 %。
之後再以不同含量及不同熱處理條件之二硫化鎳對電極與白金對電極進行比較，以水熱法合成二硫化鎳化合物，並研究二硫化鎳對電極的顯微結構、物理及化學性質、催化活性及電荷轉移電阻的差異。
使用二硫化鎳作為對電極的光電轉換效率達到5.42 %，與原白金對電極轉換效率(5.32 %)比較，約提升1.9 %。而二硫化鎳的奈米結構，可提供更多活性位置，並增強催化能力及加速催化反應。

In this study, the screen printing method was used to make the working electrode and the scattering layer. The working electrode uses P25-TiO2, and the scattering layer uses P200-TiO2 mixed with P25 in a weight ratio of 3:7. First, using P25-TiO2 as the working electrode alone, after obtaining the working electrode parameters of the optimal number of layers, adding the scattering layer and post-treatment with titanium tetrachloride, the photoelectric conversion efficiency increased from 4.49% to 5.32%.
After that, the nickel disulfide counter electrode with different content and different heat treatment conditions was compared with the platinum counter electrode, and the nickel disulfide compound was synthesized by hydrothermal method, and the microstructure, physical and chemical properties and catalysis of the nickel disulfide counter electrode were studied. The difference in activity and charge transfer resistance.
The photoelectric conversion efficiency of using nickel disulfide as the counter electrode reaches 5.42%, which is about 1.9% higher than the conversion efficiency of the original platinum counter electrode (5.32%). The nano structure of nickel disulfide can provide more active sites, enhance the catalytic ability and accelerate the catalytic reaction.

第1章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
第2章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 太陽能電池發展簡介 5
2.2 太陽能電池的種類 6
2.2.1 矽基太陽能電池 6
2.2.2 化合物太陽能電池 8
2.2.3 染料敏化太陽能電池 8
2.3 染料敏化太陽能電池的基本結構 9
2.3.1 透明導電玻璃 9
2.3.2 工作電極 10
2.3.3 散射層 11
2.3.4 染料 12
2.3.5 電解質 13
2.3.6 對電極 14
2.4 染料敏化太陽能電池的工作原理 14
2.5 二硫化鎳與染料敏化太陽能電池 15
2.6 水熱合成法 16
2.6.1 亞臨界水熱合成法 17
2.6.2 超臨界水熱合成法 17
第3章 實驗設備與步驟 19
3.1 實驗儀器設備 19
3.1.1 超純水系統 19
3.1.2 加熱磁石攪拌器 19
3.1.3 超音波震盪器 20
3.1.4 網印版 21
3.1.5 烘箱 21
3.1.6 高溫爐管 22
3.1.7 鑽孔機 23
3.1.8 熱壓機 24
3.1.9 電子秤量機 24
3.1.10 水熱罐 25
3.1.11 微量滴管 26
3.1.12 離心機 26
3.2 測量儀器設備 27
3.2.1 X光繞射儀 27
3.2.2 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 29
3.2.3 掃描式電子顯微鏡 30
3.2.4 三維表面輪廓分析儀 31
3.2.5 太陽電池I-V測量系統 32
3.2.6 X射線光電子能譜儀 34
3.2.7 電化學阻抗頻譜 35
3.3 實驗藥品與耗材 38
3.4 實驗流程 39
3.4.1 工作電極漿料製備 39
3.4.2 散射層漿料製備 39
3.4.3 四氯化鈦前處理製備 40
3.4.4 工作電極製備 41
3.4.5 四氯化鈦後處理製備 42
3.4.6 N719染料製備方法 43
3.4.7 對電極製備 43
3.4.8 電池封裝 44
3.5 二硫化鎳對電極製備 45
3.5.1 二硫化鎳合成 45
3.5.2 對電極製備 46
第4章 結果與討論 47
4.1 微結構分析 47
4.1.1 工作電極和散射層 47
4.1.2 二硫化鎳(NiS2)對電極 49
4.2 表面形貌與膜厚分析 52
4.2.1 二氧化鈦奈米粉末的表面形貌 52
4.2.2 工作電極的膜厚及表面粗糙度 53
4.2.3 單層散射層的膜厚及表面粗糙度 57
4.2.4 多層散射層的膜厚及表面粗糙度 61
4.2.5 二硫化鎳(NiS2)對電極的表面形貌 63
4.2.6 二硫化鎳(NiS2)對電極的膜厚及表面粗糙度 65
4.3 二硫化鎳的性質 68
4.3.1 成份分析 68
4.3.2 阻抗分析 69
4.3.3 塔佛極化分析 72
4.4 染料敏化電池的效率 74
4.4.1 工作電極層數的影響 74
4.4.2 散射層的影響 76
4.4.3 對電極熱處理的影響 79
4.4.4 工作電極結構及對電極材料的影響 82
4.4.5 對電極材料濃度的影響 86
第5章 結論 89
參考文獻 93

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