在 COVID-19 大流行之後，支持互聯網的設備變得越來越重要，因為它與人類的日常生活息息相關。這種現像以及 5G 網絡的推出，導致物聯網 (IoT) 市場變得越來越有利可圖。快速增長帶來了物聯網市場的持久力以及誰真正從增長中受益的問題。本論文針對物聯網工程過程，調查現狀，以構思確保物聯網可持續發展的方法。為了實現這一目標，將參考：
• 可持續發展，特別是在聯合國可持續發展目標（UN SDGs）的背景下
• 物聯網工程 (Engineering IoT)
• 知識管理 (KM)。
對輔助數據的細讀、分析和復合的結果為一個理論的、可行的、可操作的框架，可以直接實施或針對任何物聯網工程過程進行微調，以確保可持續性。

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, internet-enabled devices have become increasingly vital as it pertains to the everyday life of humans. This phenomenon, along with the roll-out of 5G networks, is resulting in the market for the Internet of Things (IoT) becoming ever more lucrative. The rapid growth brings into question the staying power of the IoT market and who is really benefitting from the growth. This thesis takes aim at the IoT engineering process and investigates the current situation in order to conceive methods to ensure sustainable development for IoT. In order to accomplish this, secondary data from the fields of sustainable development, especially in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs); engineering IoT; and knowledge management (KM) have been gathered. The result of the perusing, analysis and compounding of the secondary data is a theoretical, practicable, actionable framework that can be implemented directly or fine-tuned for any IoT engineering process to ensure sustainability.

Abstract i
摘要 ii
List of Tables v
List of Figures vi
Chapter 1: Research Motivation and Introduction 1
Chapter 2: Literature Review 3
2.1 Sustainable Development 3
2.2 Engineering IoT 11
2.3 Knowledge Management (KM) 13
Chapter 3: Framework Development 18
3.1 Hypothesis 18
3.2 Stage 1 - Plan 19
3.2.1 Step 1 – Requirements Capture 19
3.2.2 Step 2 – Identification of a Knowledge Champion 20
3.2.3 Step 3 – Identification of KM goals and priorities for the establishment (reinforcement) of effective organizational culture 20
3.3 Stage 2 – Design and Development 23
3.3.1 Step 4 – Solution Design 23
3.3.2 Step 5 – Development 25
3.3.3 Step 6 – Testing 27
3.4 Stage 3 – Implementation 28
3.4.1 Step 7 – Deployment 29
3.4.2 Step 8 – Data Collection 30
3.5 Stage 4 – Scale-Up 31
3.5.1 Step 9 – Review and Next Revision 31
Chapter 4: Case-Study Analysis 33
4.1 Case 1 33
4.1.1 Solutions from Framework 34
4.2 Case 2 35
4.2.1 Solutions from Framework 35
4.3 Case 3 42
4.4 Closing Remarks 43
Chapter 5: Discussion 45
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Future Research 55
References 57

[1] Agarwal, N. K., & Marouf, L. N. (2014, December). Initiating Knowledge Management in Colleges and Universities: A template. International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology, 4(2), 67-95. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5865/IJKCT.2014.4.2.067
[2] Agile Alliance. (2021). Agile Essentials. Retrieved from Agile Alliance: https://www.agilealliance.org/agile-essentials/
[3] Alavandhar, J. &. (2017). Several Ideas on Integration of SCRUM Practices within Microsoft Solutions Framework. Applied Computer Systems, 21(1), 71-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/acss-2017-0010
[4] American International Group, Inc. (2017, 12). IoT Case Studies:Companies Leading the Connected Economy. United States of America.
[5] Appleton, B., & Cowham, R. (2006, June 19). Principles of Agile Version Control: From OOD to TBD. Retrieved from CMCrossroads: https://www.cmcrossroads.com/article/principles-agile-version-control-ood-tbd
[6] APQC. (2019, December). American Productivity & Quality Center. Retrieved from HELPING ORGANIZATIONS WORLDWIDE WORK SMARTER, FASTER, AND WITH GREATER CONFIDENCE|APQC: https://www.apqc.org/
[7] ASQ. (2021, 6). PDCA Cycle-WHAT IS THE PLAN-DO-CHECK-ACT (PDCA) CYCLE? Retrieved from https://asq.org/quality-resources/pdca-cycle
[8] Becerra-Fernandez, I., & Sabherwal, R. (2015). Knowledge Management : Systems and Processes (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
[9] Business Insider. (2021, 5). https://www.businessinsider.com/iot-healthcare. Retrieved from Business Insider.
[10] Chen, L.-r., & Chang, H. (2019, November 24). Taiwan’s Dominant Corporate Force: TSMC’s Five Keys to Success. Retrieved from CommonWealth Magazine: https://english.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=2604
[11] Clinton, B. (1996). Speech during signing of the Telecommunications Act of 1996.
[12] Corbett, C., & Hill, C. (2015). Solving the Equation: The Variables for Women's Success in Engineering and Computing. . American Association of University Women.
[13] Deere & Company. (2021, 6). About Our Company|John Deere US. Retrieved from John Deere: https://www.deere.com/en/our-company/
[14] Fortune. (2021). Fortune 500. Retrieved from Fortune: https://fortune.com/fortune500/2020/search/
[15] Fortune Business Insights. (2021, 4 26). Internet of Things Market Size, Growth | IoT Industry Report [2020-2027]. Retrieved from Fortune Business Insights: https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/industry-reports/internet-of-things-iot-market-100307
[16] Griffin, P. (2020). The Rise of the Sustainable Data Center. Data Center Frontier.
[17] Harper, J. (2021, March 26). Suez blockage is holding up $9.6bn of goods a day. Retrieved from BBC News: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-56533250
[18] Hruska, J. (2021, February 23). John Deere Fails to Uphold Right to Repair Agreement Signed in 2018. Retrieved from ExtremeTech: https://www.extremetech.com/electronics/320183-john-deere-fails-to-uphold-right-to-repair-agreement-signed-in-2018
[19] IEA. (2021). Global Energy Review: CO2 Emissions in 2020. Paris: IEA. Retrieved from Global Energy Review: CO2 Emissions in 2020: https://www.iea.org/articles/global-energy-review-co2-emissions-in-2020
[20] Jashapara, A. (2011). Knowledge Management: An Integrated Approach (2nd ed.). Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom: Pearson Education.
[21] Ju, D., & Shen, B. (2010). Knowledge Services for Knowledge Workers. In M. D. Lytras, P. Ordonez De Pablos, A. Ziderman, A. Roulstone, H. Maurer, & J. B. Imber (Ed.), Knowledge Management, Information Systems, E-Learning, and Sustainability Research (pp. 51–59). Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
[22] Kopp, Y., Kämpfen, B., & Gill, C. (2021, March). IoT for Biodiversity and Sustainability. Retrieved from DevPost.
[23] Li, S., Xu, L. D., & Zhao, S. (2018). 5G Internet of Things: A survey. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 10, 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.jii.2018.01.005.
[24] Li, W., & Liu, L. (2020). "Using 'IOT' To Enhance Knowledge Management: A Case Study From the Insurance Industry". SAIS 2020 Proceedings(17).
[25] McGehee, J. (2021, April). Guide to IoT Development Frameworks & Best Practices. Retrieved from Very: https://www.verypossible.com/guide-to-iot-development-frameworks-best-practices
[26] Mertins et. al (2000); as cited in Jashapara, A. (2003). Knowledge Management: Concepts and Best Practices. Springer.
[27] Nay, C. (2020, May 11). How can IoT help us solve our ecological issues?|Harnessing the power of IoT to preserve biodiversity. Retrieved from Saft Batteries: https://www.saftbatteries.com/energizing-iot/how-can-iot-help-us-solve-our-ecological-issues-episode-2-biodiversity
[28] Ndemo, B. (2020). Slum Digitisation, Its Opponents and Allies in Developing Smart Cities: The Case of Kibera, Nairobi. In H. S., H. H., & P. C. (eds), Open Cities | Open Data. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6605-5_6
[29] Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science, 14-37.
[30] Nonaka, I., & Konno, N. (1998, April). The Concept of "Ba": Building A Foundation for Knowledge Creation. California Management Review, 40(3), 40-54. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/41165942
[31] O'Dell, C., & Grayson, C. J. (1998, April). If Only We Knew What We Know: Identification and Transfer of Internal Best Practices. California Management Review, 40(3), 154-174. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.2307/41165948
[32] O'Dell, C., & Hubert, C. (2011). The New Edge in Knowledge: How Knowledge Management Is Changing the Way We Do Business. Wiley.
[33] Omerzel, D. G., Biloslavo, R., & Trnavčevič, A. (2011, January). Knowledge management and organisational culture in higher education institutions. Journal for East European Management Studies, 111-139. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227486829
[34] OTOY. (2021, June). OTOY | The Company. Retrieved from OTOY: https://home.otoy.com/the-company/
[35] Oxford University Press. (2004). Canadian Oxford Dictionary. Toronto: Oxford University Press.
[36] Prasher, V. S. (2018). Internet of Things (IoT) and Changing Face of Project Management. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.harrisburgu.edu/pmgt_dandt/49
[37] Quinn, R. E., & Rohrbaugh, J. (1981, June). A Competing Values Approach to Organizational Effectiveness. Public Productivity Review, 5(2), 122-140. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3380029
[38] Rathi, A. (2018, 8 8). You probably have no idea just how much water is needed to produce electricity. Retrieved from Quartz: https://qz.com/1351279/the-hidden-water-footprint-of-fossil-fuel-and-nuclear-power-plants/
[39] Reuters; Jeffrey Dastin. (2018, October 11). Amazon scraps secret AI recruiting tool that showed bias against women. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-jobs-automation-insight/amazon-scraps-secret-ai-recruiting-tool-that-showed-bias-against-women-idUSKCN1MK08G
[40] Rhem, A. (2021, February 28). IoT in the Age of Smart Machines. Retrieved from The Knowledge Management (KM) Depot: http://knowledgemanagementdepot.com/2021/02/28/iot-in-the-age-of-smart-machines/
[41] Royce, W. W. (1987). Managing the Development of Large Software Systems: Concepts and Techniques. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE '87) (pp. 328–338). Monterey, California, USA: IEEE Computer Society Press.
[42] Ružičić, V. S., & Micić, Ž. M. (2020, 5). Knowledge Management Assessment Using PDCA based in Global and Local Standards: in the Case of Technics and Informatics Studies. KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, 14(6), 2022-2042.
[43] Sheikhalizadeh, M., & Piralaiy, E. (2016, January). The Effects Of Organizational Culture On University's Academic Staff Knowledge Management. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Management (MOJEM), 4(1), 17-31. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290394288
[44] Thanoshan MV. (2019, November 12). What exactly is a programming paradigm? Retrieved from freeCodeCamp: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/what-exactly-is-a-programming-paradigm/
[45] The Wall Street Journal. (2021, February 6). How Big Tech Got Even Bigger. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-big-tech-got-even-bigger-11612587632
[46] tryQA.com. (2021). What are the Software Development Models? Retrieved from TRY QA: http://tryqa.com/what-are-the-software-development-models/
[47] United Nations. (2020). Policy Brief: Education during COVID-19 and beyond.
[48] United Nations. (2020, May). The Sustainable Development Agenda – United Nations Sustainable Development. Retrieved from United Nations: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/development-agenda/
[49] United Nations Economic and Social Council. (2021). Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals - Report of the Secretary-General.
[50] Wasko, M. M., & Faraj, S. (2005, March). Why Should I Share? Examining Social Capital and Knowledge Contribution in Electronic Networks of Practice. MIS Quarterly, 29(1, Special Issue on Information Technologies and Knowledge Management), 35-57. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/25148667
[51] Wensley, A. (1998, March). The value of story telling. The Journal of Corporate Transformation, 5(1), 1-2. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1441(199803)5:1%3C1::AID-KPM14%3E3.0.CO;2-X
[52] Wiedmann, Schandl, Lenzen, Moran, Suh, West & Kanemoto. (2008). The Material Footprint of Nations.
[53] World Bank. (2021, 4 26). World Bank Open Data. Retrieved from World Bank Open Data: https://data.worldbank.org/
[54] World Economic Forum. (2018). Internet of Things—Guidelines for Sustainability.