在第一部分研究中，實驗上選擇了磷酸鉬/氧化鋅/碳布作為負極與氧化錳/碳布正極組合作為可繞性非對稱式電容器。首先在碳布上以水熱法成長氧化鋅奈米柱結構，目的為增加電容器之表面積，然後在定電流模式-1.5 mA/cm2、900秒將磷酸鉬薄膜沉積於氧化鋅奈米柱表面，以完成磷酸鉬/氧化鋅碳布負極材料。同時，一樣通過定電流模式，以3 mA/cm2、900秒將氧化錳薄膜沉積於碳布上，以完成氧化錳/碳布正極材料。磷酸鉬/氧化鋅/碳布//氧化錳/碳布水性非對稱超級電容器表現出了在0.5 mA/cm2的電流密度中有236 mF/cm2的比電容值，經過10000圈的充、放電循環穩定測試，仍有80%的循環壽命，在178.5 W/kg功率密度下擁有58.5 Wh/kg的能量密度且擁有2.5 V的寬操作電位。在彎曲測試中，於不同彎曲角度皆有相同的電容表現，且在點亮LED的過程，憑藉著寬電位的特性，先後點亮了紅色及綠色LED燈泡，可以說是擁有競爭力的超級電容。

第二部分探索了能夠自體照光充電的元件，研究中發現氧化錳與氧化鋅結合擁有光敏特性，在照光下開路電壓會往負電位移動。此外，不同的氧化錳薄膜厚度所引起的照光增益幅度也不同，根據這種情況進行電化學量測，找尋出沉積氧化錳的最佳參數，在浸泡0.15 M葡萄糖濃度參數下擁有40%的照光增益幅度。透過拉曼即時量測系統觀察氧化錳照光增益機制，發現照光會使氧化錳的氧化態發生還原反應，與開路電勢量測結果相符。將氧化錳/氧化鋅/FTO/做負極與氧化錳/FTO做正極，組合為對稱式電容，進行照光充電測試，實驗結果顯示儲能大小與光強度以及照光時間成正相關。

In the first part of this thesis, an asymmetric capacitor composed of MoPOx/ZnO/carbon cloth (CC) and MnO2/CC as negative and positive electrode, respectively, is systematically investigated. First, the ZnO nanowires (NWs) structure was grown on the CC by hydrothermal method in order to increase the surface area of the capacitor, and then the MoPOx film was electrodeposited on the ZnO NWs/CC in constant current of -1.5 mA/cm2 for 900 seconds to complete the MoPOx/ZnO/CC. Meanwhile, the MnO2 film was grown on the CC by electrochemical deposition at a constant current of 3 mA/cm2 for 900 seconds. According to electrochemical results, MoPOx/ZnO/CC//MnO2/CC exhibits a good aqueous supercapacitor characteristics: 236 mF/cm2 at 0.5 mA/cm2, long cycle life of 10,000 cycles with 20% capacitance decay, delivers a high energy density of 58.5 Wh/kg at the power density of 178.5 W/kg and a wide operating potential of 2.5 V. In the bending test, there is no attenuation of the capacitance at different bending angles. In the process of lighting the LED, the red and green LED bulbs are lit up successively due to the characteristics of wide potential.

The second part explores the electron-storage device that can be charged under illumination. In the study, it is found that the combination of MnO2 deposit on ZnO NWs has photo-sensitive characteristics, and the open circuit potential will shift to a negative potential under illumination. In addition, the different MnO2 film thicknesses have a significant impact on the gain of the photo-induced capacitance. According to this phenomenon, electrochemical measurement is carried out to find the best parameter for depositing MnO2. Under the parameter of immersing 0.15 M glucose concentration, a 40% photo-induced capacitance gain was achieved. By the in-situ Raman measurement, the results clearly illustrated the mechanism of photo-induced capacitance gain. Under illumination, the oxidation state of MnO2 was changed from Mn4+ to Mn3+, which is consistent with the open circuit potential measurement result. The MnO2/ZnO NWs/FTO as the negative electrode and the MnO2/FTO as the positive electrode were combined into a symmetrical capacitor, and the photo-charging test was carried out. The results show that the amount of energy storage is significantly correlated with the light intensity and the photo-charging time.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1能源概況 1
1.2太陽能 2
空氣質量 4
1.3 能量儲存 5
1.3.1 超級電容特點 5
1.3.2 超級電容應用 6
第二章 基礎理論與文獻回顧 7
2.1 電化學 7
2.1.1 簡介 7
2.1.2 電化學系統 7
2.1.3 氧化還原反應 8
2.2光電半導體 9
2.3電化學電容器 10
電雙層電容 10
擬電容器 11
2.4 研究動機 12
2.4.1 非對稱超級電容 12
2.4.2 光電容 12
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 13
3.1寬電位磷酸鉬負極與氧化錳正極可撓式非對稱超級電容器 13
3.1.1磷酸鉬/氧化鋅/碳布製備 13
水熱法氧化鋅/碳布流程 13
磷酸鉬/氧化鋅電化學沉積流程 14
3.1.2 氧化錳/碳布奈米薄膜製備 15
3.1.3 可撓非對稱電容器組裝方法 15
3.2氧化錳/氧化鋅核殼奈米線光電極應用於光電容之研究 16
3.2.1 氧化錳/氧化鋅/FTO製備 16
水熱法氧化鋅/FTO流程 16
熱處理葡萄糖 17
水熱法沉積氧化錳流程 18
3.2.2 氧化錳/ FTO製備 18
3.2.3光電容組裝 19
3.3 材料特性分析 20
3.3.1場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 20
3.3.2 X-ray 繞射儀 21
3.3.3 X射線光電子能譜儀 23
3.3.4拉曼光譜 24
3.3.5吸收光譜 25
3.4電化學分析 26
3.4.1循環伏安法 26
3.4.2計時電位法 27
3.4.3 開路電位 28
3.4.4交流阻抗頻譜 28
3.4.5莫特-蕭特基分析 29
第四章 結果與討論 31
4.1寬電位磷酸鉬負極與氧化錳正極可撓式非對稱超級電容 31
4.1.1 SEM分析 31
4.1.2 XRD分析 33
4.1.3 Raman分析 34
4.1.4 EDS分析 36
4.1.5 XPS分析 37
4.1.6 電化學分析 39
氧化錳/碳布正極 39
磷酸鉬/氧化鋅/碳布負極 41
4.1.7交流阻抗分析 43
4.1.8 磷酸鉬/氧化鋅/碳布//氧化錳/碳布非對稱超級電容器 45
4.1.9 電化學穩定分析 47
4.1.10 Ragone Plot 48
4.1.11 固態式電容測試 49
4.1.12 結論 51
4.2 氧化錳/氧化鋅核殼奈米線光電極應用於光電容之研究 53
4.2.1 FE-SEM&EDS分析 53
4.2.2 Raman分析 55
4.2.3 XRD分析 57
4.2.4 XPS分析 58
4.2.5 光電化學分析 59
OCP分析 61
照光拉曼測試 62
單電極電容量測 64
4.2.6 吸收光譜分析 66
4.2.7 交流阻抗分析 67
4.2.8 莫特-蕭特基分析 70
4.2.9 氧化錳//氧化錳/氧化鋅 對稱式電容光電化學分析 71
4.2.10 結論 76
第五章 結論與未來展望 77
第六章 參考文獻 79

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