蓋刺魚科(Pomacanthidae)為世界上常見的珊瑚礁魚類，為最受歡迎的海水觀賞魚之一，由於其社會結構相當多元，而有不同的生殖策略，性別表現模式也有所不同，但有關其生殖生物學的所知有限。本研究中描述台灣海域產的三種蓋刺魚科包括疊波蓋刺魚(Pomacanthus semicirculatus)、條紋蓋刺魚(Pomacanthus imperator)及三點阿波魚(Apolemichthys trimaculatus)的生殖生物學。樣本採自人工圈養環境中的種魚，紀錄每尾樣本的體全長、標準體長、體重及生殖腺重，並利用組織學判別其性別及生殖腺成熟狀況，生殖腺階段分為發育期、成熟期、退化期及休眠期。結果顯示在冬季三種蓋刺魚科的生殖腺指數(gonadosomatic indices, GSI)較低，在春季有最高的GSI值，而在秋季下降。疊波蓋刺魚與條紋蓋刺魚有明顯的雌雄異型性，三種蓋刺魚科的體長頻率分布性轉變期的體長介於雄魚和雌魚之間，而且雄魚的體長都比雌魚的體長大，組織學觀察顯示雌魚的卵巢中有增生的精母細胞或雄魚的精巢中有殘留的卵母細胞，這表示三種蓋刺魚科皆屬於雌性先熟的雌雄同體(protogynous hermaphroditisms)。由卵巢內同時存在不同發育階段的卵母細胞顯示，疊波蓋刺魚和三點阿波魚可能為非同步產卵者。本研究中所獲得的生殖參數將為這些物種的人工繁殖與資源管理提供了一些基礎信息。

Pomacanthidae are common coral reef fishes in the world and one of the most popular marine ornamental fish. Beause of its social organization is quite diverse, reproductive strategies are different, and different sexual patterns. However, knowledge of the reproductive biology of Pomacanthidae is limited. In this study, we described the reproductive biology of three species of angelfishes, such as the semicircle angelfish Pomacanthus semicirculatus, the emperor angelfish Pomacanthus imperator and the threespot angelfish Apolemichthys trimaculatus in the waters of Taiwan. The sampled specimens were collected from the broodstock in captive environment. The total body length (TL), standard body length (SL), body weight (BW) and gonadal weight (GW) were recorded for each specimen. Sex and reproductive condition were determined for each individual based on histological evaluation. The gonad were classified as developing, spawning, spent and resting stage. The results showed that the gonadosomatic indices (GSI) of three species of angelfishes were low in winter, the highest GSI values in spring and descended in autumn. P. semicirculatus and P. imperator had obvious sexual dimorphism. Size frequency distribution of three species of angelfishes also showed tranistional body length between the males and females, and males were larger than females. The gonadal histological examination showed proliferating spermatocytes in the ovaries of females or remnants of oocytes in the testes of males, which indicated that the three species of angelfishes are protogynous hermaphroditisms. Different developmental stages of oocytes were present in the ovary at same time, which indicated that P. semicirculatus and A. trimaculatus may be asynchronous spawners. The reproductive parameters obtained from this study provide some baseline information for captive breeding and management of these species.

謝辭 I
摘要 III
Abstract V
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 XI
第一章 前言 1
1.1 緒言 1
1.2 性別模式 2
1.3 性轉變的調控機制 4
1.4 雌雄同體 6
1.5 產卵類型 7
1.6 蓋刺魚科 8
1.7 蓋刺魚科的生殖生物學 8
1.8 疊波蓋刺魚 11
1.9 條紋蓋刺魚 12
1.10 三點阿波魚 13
1.11 研究目的 14
第二章 材料與方法 15
2.1 實驗架構 15
2.2 樣本採集 15
2.3 生殖腺組織切片 15
2.4 卵細胞發育階段 17
2.5 精細胞發育階段 18
2.6 生殖腺發育階段 18
2.7 統計分析 19
2.7.1 體長與體重關係 19
2.7.2 生殖腺指數 20
2.7.3 獨立樣本T檢定 20
第三章 結果 21
3.1 樣本基本資料與體長頻率分布 21
3.2 生殖腺的外觀 21
3.3 體長與體重關係 22
3.4 雌雄異型性 23
3.5 生殖腺指數 23
3.6 組織學觀察 23
3.6.1 卵巢組織 23
3.6.2 精巢組織 24
3.6.3 雌雄同體證據 25
3.6.4 組織學發育的季節變化 26
第四章 討論 27
4.1 體長與體重關係 27
4.2 性別模式 27
4.3 產卵類型 31
4.4 產卵季節 31
第五章 結論 35
參考文獻 37
附錄 83

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