目的：本研究欲透過跑步的絕對對稱指數 (absolute symmetry index, ASI) 之觀點來看耐力跑疲勞後之雙側差異的改變，探究各生物力學參數在疲勞後是否有增大差異性，以探究跑步疲勞之風險。方法：以有慢跑習慣之男性學生12名為受試對象。以兩塊測力板搭配八臺紅外線攝影機，於跑步機上進行疲勞操弄後，分析受試者在疲勞前後之地面反作用力參數，以及，髖、膝、踝關節之內動力學、運動學，與關節肌群活動時宜，並計算下肢勁度等數據。以相依樣本t-test比較受試者疲勞前後在各運動生物力學參數上之差異。統計顯著水準訂為α= .05。結果：本研究結果顯示推蹬期最大向心功率、著地期踝關節最大屈曲、著地期髖關節蹬伸角位移、著地期膝最大離心功率，皆在疲勞後雙側差異顯著大於疲勞前 (ｐ<0.05)，而著地期膝關節蹬伸角位移在疲勞後雙側差異顯著小於疲勞前 (p<0.05)。結論：疲勞後會增大下肢生物力學之不對稱性。著地期踝關節最大屈曲與髖關節蹬伸角位移在疲勞後增大雙側差異。推蹬期下肢最大向心功率與著地期膝關節最大離心功率在疲勞後增大雙側差異，使推蹬與制動之不對稱性增大。而膝關節蹬伸角位移之雙側差異在疲勞後小於疲勞前，但膝關節最大屈曲角度以及膝關節最大力矩之雙側差異卻增大差異，意味著疲勞增大了膝關節的制動與能量吸收之負荷。

Purpose : The current research aims at exploring the effect of fatigue from endurance running on lower extremity bilateral symmetry through ASI (Absolute Symmetry Index). Examining whether respective biomechanical characteristics varied after experiencing fatigue allowed the current research to assess the risk associated with it. Method: 12 male students who jog regularly were selected as the participants. Two forceplates and eight inferred cameras were used to collect before- and after-fatigue data on ground reaction force, kinetic and kinematic parameters at the hips, knees, and ankles, joint muscle timing, and lower extremity stiffness. Differences between parameters in question were examined via dependent sample t-test with significance level α=.05. Result: Our findings showed that the parameters post fatigue-intervention, including the maximal concentric power during propulsive phase, the maximal ankle flex and maximal hip angular displacement, maximal knee eccentric power during the landing phase, were significantly greater than those prior fatigue-intervention (p<0.05). In addition, the knee propulsive angular displacement post fatigue-intervention during landing phase was significantly smaller than that prior fatigue-intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: Fatigue increased lower extremity asymmetry. During landing phase, the maximal ankle flex and maximal hip angular displacement led to increased asymmetry after fatigue-intervention. The maximal lower extremity concentric power during propulsive phase and the maximal knee eccentric power during the landing phase both increased the difference between both sides, causing heightened asymmetry as far as propulsion and breaking are concerned. Our findings that the knee propulsive angular displacement post fatigue-intervention during landing phase was significantly smaller than that prior fatigue-intervention and that maximal knee flex angle and moment increased asymmetry indicated that fatigue increased loading in the knees in terms of breaking and energy absorption.

摘要I
目次II
表次VI
圖次IX
第一章 緒論1
第一節 問題背景 1
第二節 研究目的 4
第三節 研究假設 6
第四節 研究範圍與限制7
第五節 名詞解釋與實驗操作性定義 8
第六節 研究重要性 10
第二章 文獻探討 11
第一節 跑步的生物力學概論 11
第二節 跑步的經濟性 (running economy) 與效益之研究 14
第三節 跑步（或步態）的協調性與對稱性研究 16
第三章 研究方法 18
第一節 研究對象 18
第二節 實驗儀器與設備 19
第三節 資料收集與場地佈置 21
第四節 資料處理與統計分析 23
第四章 結果 24
第一節 速度相關參數 24
第二節 地面反作用力參數 25
第三節 角運動學參數 27
第四節 勁度參數 31
第五節 關節力矩與功率勁度參數 32
第五章 討論 35
第六章 結論 38
第七章 引用文獻 39
中文部分 39
英文部分 41
附件 48
RPE疲勞量表 48

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