染料敏化太陽能電池是一種價格便宜，且室內室外光皆可發電的太陽能電池，可以在室溫，且使用簡易的方法製作，具備可撓性、多彩性與可透光性等等，使得應用範圍廣泛。由於大多為半透明，適合作為建築窗材，像是利用於玻璃帷幕大樓，作為遮陽、絕熱及發電利用。染料敏化太陽能電池由工作電極、對電極、染料、電解液等組成。目前常見使用在對電極的材料是白金。白金是為貴金屬，顧名思義價格高且稀少。

在我的研究中前兩個部份，是將白金對電極替換成由不同重量比的石墨烯為基底組成的奈米複合材料。因對電極需要促使電子與碘電解液的氧化還原，因此大表面積的非凡導體或氧化還原特性強的半導體將成為我的首選。我分別複合了不同重量比硫化鎳和石墨烯，以及複合不同重量比二氧化鈦和石墨烯的材料。對其進行結構、材料分析，電子顯微鏡進行表面型態、樣貌觀察，循環伏安法量測其氧化還原能力，最後量測各項如I-V曲線、EIS曲線、EQE曲線等等的光伏參數。在硫化鎳/石墨烯重量比2：1中有最好的光電轉換效率，而二氧化鈦/石墨烯重量比1：3有最高的轉換效率。

第三部分的研究是將二氧化鈦工作電極，浸泡在氫氧化鈉溶液中，使薄膜表面積增加，且使薄膜有一些Ti-OH鍵結，有文獻稱其為薄膜、介面改性。改性會使導帶負移，雖然導帶負移會導致電流密度下降，同時也會使開路電壓增大，抑制電荷在工作電極復合的機會。製作出完整電池元件後量測各種光伏參數如I-V曲線、EIS曲線、EQE曲線等等的影響，以及使用電子顯微鏡進行表面型態觀察等等。最終結果是二氧化鈦泡在氫氧化鈉中10分鐘的情況下，光電轉換效率最高，高達8.96 %，相比原先沒有使用氫氧化鈉清洗多了1.48 %。

The dye-sensitized solar cell is a cheap solar cell that can generate electricity both indoors and outdoors. It can be produced at room temperature with a simple method. Because most of them are translucent, they are suitable as building window materials, such as glass curtain buildings, for sunshade, heat insulation and power generation. A dye-sensitized solar cell consists of a working electrode, a counter electrode, a dye, and an electrolyte. Platinum is currently the most commonly used material for the counter electrode. Platinum is a precious metal, as the name implies, it is expensive and rare.

In the first two parts of my research, the platinum counter electrode was replaced by a nanocomposite material composed of graphene in different weight ratios. Because the counter electrode needs to promote the redox of electrons and iodine electrolyte, an extraordinary conductor with a large surface area or a semiconductor with strong redox properties will be my first choice. I compounded different weight ratios of nickel sulfide and graphene, and composite materials of different weight ratios of titanium dioxide and graphene. Analyze its structure and materials, observe its surface morphology and appearance with an electron microscope, measure its redox ability by cyclic voltammetry, and finally measure various photovoltaic parameters such as I-V curves, EIS curves, and EQE curves. The best photoelectric conversion efficiency is in the nickel sulfide/graphene weight ratio of 2:1, while the titanium dioxide/graphene weight ratio of 1:3 has the highest conversion efficiency.

The third part of the research is to soak the titanium dioxide working electrode in sodium hydroxide to remove a large amount of fluoride remaining on the surface of the titanium dioxide. Measure the influence of various photovoltaic parameters such as I-V curves, EIS curves, EQE curves, etc. on dye-sensitive solar cells, and use an electron microscope to observe the surface morphology. The final result is that when titanium dioxide is soaked in sodium hydroxide for 10 minutes, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is the highest, as high as 8.94%, which is 1.66% higher than the original cleaning without sodium hydroxide.

致謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XIII
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 石墨烯混合二氧化鈦之奈米複合材料應用於染料敏化太陽能電池對電極之研究 29
第三章 不同比例之石墨烯混合硫化鎳奈米複合材料應用於染料敏化太陽能電池對電極之研究 53
第四章 以氫氧化鈉將二氧化鈦薄膜表面處理應用於染料敏化太陽能電池之工作電極 77

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