為了解決日益嚴重的全球暖化問題，除了加速綠色能源的開發提升效率之外，使不穩定的綠色能源成為穩定好用的能量儲存裝置也同樣重要，本篇將探討一種插層式電容並對其優化，並加入太陽能電池使其能自行照光充電，成為疊層式的光電容。
在第一部份的研究中，我們利用水熱法生長鈦酸鉀奈米棒，並對其進行製程優化，其特殊的隧道結構能作為具有寬電位窗口的插層式超級電容器。在30 mA/cm2的充放電電流密度下，在電位窗口在1 V ~ 1.8 V 間時，面積電容能保持在1.8 F/cm2，在1 V的電位窗口並用5 mA/cm2的電流密度進行充放電時，能具有6.32 F/cm2的面積電容。我們使用鎳鈷硫與鈦酸鉀搭配組成非對稱式電容，在0 V ~ 1.6 V的電位範圍內以 3 mA/cm2的電流密度量測，其擁有785.6 mF/cm2的電容值，將電解液替換成膠狀電解質後，仍然保有629.3 mF/cm2約80 %的電容值。
第二部分的研究中我們在第一部份的架構上增加染料敏化太陽譨電池，利用鎳鈷硫可同時作為太陽能電池的陰極與電容器正電極的特性，使其成為可自行照光充電的疊層式光電容，並比較其電鍍於不同基板的表現。在30 mW/cm2的光功率密度下，以0.1 mA/cm2的放電速率下能有9.7 mF/cm2的面積電容值，而當光功率密度減弱至10 mW/cm2時，同樣以0.1 mA/cm2的速率放電，能有16.37 mF/cm2的面積電容值。

To solve the problem of global warming, we must not only accelerate the development of green energy, but also support more stable energy storage of green energy. This study will discuss intercalation of supercapacitors, and then adding solar cells to make them self-charging as stacked photo-rechargeable supercapacitors.
In the first part, we grow potassium titanate nanorods using a hydrothermal method and then optimize the synthesis process to achieve the highest capacitance. Potassium titanate nanorods have a special tunnel structure and can be intercalated supercapacitors with a wide potential window. At a charge-discharge current density of 30 mA/cm2, the areal capacitance can be maintained at 1.8 F/cm2 when the potential ranges from 1 V to 1.8 V. At low charge/discharge current densities in the potential range of 5 mA/cm2 down to 1 V, an areal capacitance of 6.32 F/cm2 can be achieved. In addition, an asymmetric supercapacitor with nickel-cobalt sulfide as the positive electrode and potassium titanate as the negative electrode was also tested. The areal capacitance value can be 785.6 mF/cm2 when the potential range is 1.6 V at a charge/discharge current density of 3 mA/cm2. Even when the electrolyte was replaced with a gel electrolyte, the asymmetric supercapacitor retained about 80% of its capacitance value of 629.3 mF/cm2.
In the second part, the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is combined with an asymmetric supercapacitor to make a photo-rechargeable supercapacitor. It is worth noting that nickel-cobalt sulfide can serve as both the cathode of DSSC and the cathode of supercapacitor electrodes. The effect of different substrates on the performance of DSSCs and supercapacitors was analyzed. In addition, the fabrication of stacked photo-supercapacitors was carried out, realizing photo-rechargeable properties. Under the discharge current density of 0.1 mA/cm2 and the light intensity of 30 mW/cm2, the capacitance value is 9.7 mF/cm2. When the light intensity is reduced to 10 mW/cm2, the capacitance can reach 16.37 mF/cm2.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1. 能源概敘 1
1.2. 能量儲存 2
1.3. 超級電容器 3
1.4. 光電容 4
第二章 理論基礎與文獻回顧 5
2.1. 電化學 5
2.1.1. 簡介 5
2.1.2. 電化學系統 5
2.2. 電化學電容器 6
2.2.1. 電雙層電容(EDLC) 6
2.2.2. 偽電容(Pseudocapacitors) 7
2.2.2.1. 欠電位沉積 7
2.2.2.2. 氧化還原偽電容 7
2.2.2.3. 插層式偽電容 7
2.3. 光電容 8
第三章 實驗製程與量測儀器介紹 9
3.1. 實驗製成 9
3.1.1. 鈦酸鉀奈米棒之寬電位非對稱式超級電容器 9
3.1.2. 疊層式光電容 10
3.1.3. 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 13
3.1.4. X 射線繞射儀 14
3.1.5. X射線光電子能譜儀 15
3.1.6. 拉曼光譜儀 16
3.1.7. 電化學分析儀 17
3.1.7.1. 伏安法 17
3.1.7.2. 計時電位法 18
3.1.7.3. 交流阻抗頻譜 18
第四章 結果與討論 19
4.1. 鈦酸鉀與鎳鈷硫之寬電位非對稱超級電容 19
4.1.1. SEM分析 19
4.1.2. XRD分析 22
4.1.3. XPS分析 23
4.1.4. EDS 分析 24
4.1.5. 電化學分析 25
4.1.6. 交流阻抗分析 34
4.1.7. 電化學穩定性分析 36
4.1.8. 泡沫鈦/鈦酸鉀//鎳鈷硫/碳布非對稱式電容器 37
4.1.9. 固態式電容測試 39
4.1.10. 結論 40
4.2. 疊層式光電容 41
4.2.1. 染料敏化太陽能電池對電極測試 42
4.2.2. 染料敏化太陽能電池測試 43
4.2.3. 電容器測試 44
4.2.4. 光電容測試 46
4.2.5. 結論 47
第五章 結論與未來展望 48
第六章 參考資料 49

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